This paper provides a critical review of a research study on the factors influencing e-banking adoption among digitally unbanked seniors in South Africa. The critique evaluates the study's methodological rigor, theoretical foundation, and the validity of its core arguments. While the study's research design, including its multi-stage cluster sampling and sample size calculation, is technically robust, this analysis reveals significant flaws in its intellectual foundation. The study's philosophical stance is internally contradictory, and it contains severe citation errors, most notably the conflation of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The critique concludes that the study, despite its methodological strengths, is fundamentally undermined by these errors. This commentary contributes to the academic discourse on research integrity and the responsible application of quantitative methods in social science.
| Published in | International Journal of Business and Economics Research (Volume 14, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13 |
| Page(s) | 254-266 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
E-banking Adoption, Digitally Unbanked, Seniors (or Older Adults), South Africa, Research Critique, Methodological Rigor, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Research Integrity
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APA Style
Diako, B. H., Lubbe, S. (2025). The Research Method Used to Convince Un-Banked People to Start E-Banking: Cluster Sampling as a Methodology to Pick a Reliable Sample. International Journal of Business and Economics Research, 14(6), 254-266. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13
ACS Style
Diako, B. H.; Lubbe, S. The Research Method Used to Convince Un-Banked People to Start E-Banking: Cluster Sampling as a Methodology to Pick a Reliable Sample. Int. J. Bus. Econ. Res. 2025, 14(6), 254-266. doi: 10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13,
author = {Bongani Harry Diako and Sam Lubbe},
title = {The Research Method Used to Convince Un-Banked People to Start E-Banking: Cluster Sampling as a Methodology to Pick a Reliable Sample},
journal = {International Journal of Business and Economics Research},
volume = {14},
number = {6},
pages = {254-266},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijber.20251406.13},
abstract = {This paper provides a critical review of a research study on the factors influencing e-banking adoption among digitally unbanked seniors in South Africa. The critique evaluates the study's methodological rigor, theoretical foundation, and the validity of its core arguments. While the study's research design, including its multi-stage cluster sampling and sample size calculation, is technically robust, this analysis reveals significant flaws in its intellectual foundation. The study's philosophical stance is internally contradictory, and it contains severe citation errors, most notably the conflation of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The critique concludes that the study, despite its methodological strengths, is fundamentally undermined by these errors. This commentary contributes to the academic discourse on research integrity and the responsible application of quantitative methods in social science.},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - The Research Method Used to Convince Un-Banked People to Start E-Banking: Cluster Sampling as a Methodology to Pick a Reliable Sample AU - Bongani Harry Diako AU - Sam Lubbe Y1 - 2025/12/19 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13 DO - 10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13 T2 - International Journal of Business and Economics Research JF - International Journal of Business and Economics Research JO - International Journal of Business and Economics Research SP - 254 EP - 266 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-756X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijber.20251406.13 AB - This paper provides a critical review of a research study on the factors influencing e-banking adoption among digitally unbanked seniors in South Africa. The critique evaluates the study's methodological rigor, theoretical foundation, and the validity of its core arguments. While the study's research design, including its multi-stage cluster sampling and sample size calculation, is technically robust, this analysis reveals significant flaws in its intellectual foundation. The study's philosophical stance is internally contradictory, and it contains severe citation errors, most notably the conflation of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The critique concludes that the study, despite its methodological strengths, is fundamentally undermined by these errors. This commentary contributes to the academic discourse on research integrity and the responsible application of quantitative methods in social science. VL - 14 IS - 6 ER -
UNISA School of Business Leadership, Midrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
School of Management and Administration, Stadio Higher Education, Krugersdorp, South Africa
